The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)

Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a frequent and serious complication that occurs in pa-tients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and nontraumatic brain damage. Persistent ICH significantly worsens the prognosis of the disease course and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. In this regard,...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: M. I. Andreytseva, S. S. Petrikov, L. T. Khamidova, A. A. Solodov
Format: Article
Language:Russian
Published: Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Public Healthcare Institution of Moscow Healthcare Department 2019-01-01
Series:Неотложная медицинская помощь
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/536
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850029582529331200
author M. I. Andreytseva
S. S. Petrikov
L. T. Khamidova
A. A. Solodov
author_facet M. I. Andreytseva
S. S. Petrikov
L. T. Khamidova
A. A. Solodov
author_sort M. I. Andreytseva
collection DOAJ
description Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a frequent and serious complication that occurs in pa-tients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and nontraumatic brain damage. Persistent ICH significantly worsens the prognosis of the disease course and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. In this regard, one of the main tasks of intensive care of patients with intracranial bleeding (ICB) is diagnosis and timely management of ICH. The gold standard is invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. The advantages of direct measurement of ICP include accuracy and continuity of registration. The disadvantages are the invasiveness of the method, high cost, the risk of developing infectious and hemorrhagic complications and possible dislocation of sensors. It is necessary to search for a method of non-invasive assessment of the level of ICH most correlated with the data of direct measurement of ICP. Ultrasonography of the optic nerve structures can be such an alternative cheap way to assess ICP. Its advantages are the possibility of repeated dynamic use, no need for surgical intervention, simplicity and high accuracy of measurement. However, the results obtained with ultrasound vary, since this method is operator dependent and requires precise adherence to the technique of the study. When the optic nerve ultrasound is performed, a contact gel for ultrasound examinations is applied to the anterolateral surface of the closed upper eyelid, and a scanning plane is displayed behind the eyeball for visualization in the central part of the ultrasound image of the optic nerve, lens and retina. To visualize the vertical course of the ophthalmic artery (and the vertical course of the optic nerve), the color flow Doppler mode is used. The study includes measuring the diameter of the optic nerve and the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). There is subarachnoid space with cerebrospinal fluid between the optic nerve and its sheath. With an increase in intracranial pressure, the expansion of this space occurs, ONSD grows as well. This article contains an analysis of the literature describing the anatomy of the optic nerve and various ultrasound techniques, as well as data from various authors on the threshold value of the optic nerve sheath diameter.
format Article
id doaj-art-06a91a5bbe06428399d1873c2ed23a1d
institution DOAJ
issn 2223-9022
2541-8017
language Russian
publishDate 2019-01-01
publisher Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Public Healthcare Institution of Moscow Healthcare Department
record_format Article
series Неотложная медицинская помощь
spelling doaj-art-06a91a5bbe06428399d1873c2ed23a1d2025-08-20T02:59:29ZrusSklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Public Healthcare Institution of Moscow Healthcare DepartmentНеотложная медицинская помощь2223-90222541-80172019-01-017434935610.23934/2223-9022-2018-74-349-356474The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)M. I. Andreytseva0S. S. Petrikov1L. T. Khamidova2A. A. Solodov3N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare DepartmentN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare Department; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare DepartmentN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine of the Moscow Healthcare Department; A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationIntracranial hypertension (ICH) is a frequent and serious complication that occurs in pa-tients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and nontraumatic brain damage. Persistent ICH significantly worsens the prognosis of the disease course and increases the risk of adverse outcomes. In this regard, one of the main tasks of intensive care of patients with intracranial bleeding (ICB) is diagnosis and timely management of ICH. The gold standard is invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. The advantages of direct measurement of ICP include accuracy and continuity of registration. The disadvantages are the invasiveness of the method, high cost, the risk of developing infectious and hemorrhagic complications and possible dislocation of sensors. It is necessary to search for a method of non-invasive assessment of the level of ICH most correlated with the data of direct measurement of ICP. Ultrasonography of the optic nerve structures can be such an alternative cheap way to assess ICP. Its advantages are the possibility of repeated dynamic use, no need for surgical intervention, simplicity and high accuracy of measurement. However, the results obtained with ultrasound vary, since this method is operator dependent and requires precise adherence to the technique of the study. When the optic nerve ultrasound is performed, a contact gel for ultrasound examinations is applied to the anterolateral surface of the closed upper eyelid, and a scanning plane is displayed behind the eyeball for visualization in the central part of the ultrasound image of the optic nerve, lens and retina. To visualize the vertical course of the ophthalmic artery (and the vertical course of the optic nerve), the color flow Doppler mode is used. The study includes measuring the diameter of the optic nerve and the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD). There is subarachnoid space with cerebrospinal fluid between the optic nerve and its sheath. With an increase in intracranial pressure, the expansion of this space occurs, ONSD grows as well. This article contains an analysis of the literature describing the anatomy of the optic nerve and various ultrasound techniques, as well as data from various authors on the threshold value of the optic nerve sheath diameter.https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/536intracranial hypertensionintracranial pressureoptic nerve sheathultrasonographytraumatic brain injurysubarachnoid bleedingintracranial bleeding
spellingShingle M. I. Andreytseva
S. S. Petrikov
L. T. Khamidova
A. A. Solodov
The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)
Неотложная медицинская помощь
intracranial hypertension
intracranial pressure
optic nerve sheath
ultrasonography
traumatic brain injury
subarachnoid bleeding
intracranial bleeding
title The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)
title_full The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)
title_fullStr The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)
title_full_unstemmed The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)
title_short The ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure (a literature review and critical analysis)
title_sort ultrasound study of the optic canal for detecting raised intracranial pressure a literature review and critical analysis
topic intracranial hypertension
intracranial pressure
optic nerve sheath
ultrasonography
traumatic brain injury
subarachnoid bleeding
intracranial bleeding
url https://www.jnmp.ru/jour/article/view/536
work_keys_str_mv AT miandreytseva theultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT sspetrikov theultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT ltkhamidova theultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT aasolodov theultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT miandreytseva ultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT sspetrikov ultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT ltkhamidova ultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis
AT aasolodov ultrasoundstudyoftheopticcanalfordetectingraisedintracranialpressurealiteraturereviewandcriticalanalysis