Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation
Dynamic optical metasurfaces with ultrafast temporal response, i.e., spatiotemporal optical metasurfaces, provide attractive solutions and open fascinating perspectives for modern highly integrated optics and photonics. In this work, electro-optically controlled optical metasurfaces operating in ref...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Nanophotonics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0042 |
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| author | Damgaard-Carstensen Christopher Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. |
| author_facet | Damgaard-Carstensen Christopher Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. |
| author_sort | Damgaard-Carstensen Christopher |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dynamic optical metasurfaces with ultrafast temporal response, i.e., spatiotemporal optical metasurfaces, provide attractive solutions and open fascinating perspectives for modern highly integrated optics and photonics. In this work, electro-optically controlled optical metasurfaces operating in reflection and utilizing resonant waveguide mode excitation are demonstrated from the viewpoint of free-space propagating light modulation. The modulation of reflected light power with superior characteristics in comparison with prior research is achieved by identifying a suitable low-loss waveguide mode and exploiting its resonant excitation. The electro-optic Pockels effect in a 300 nm-thick lithium niobate (LN) film sandwiched between a continuous thick gold film and an array of gold nanostripes, serving also as control electrodes, is exploited to realize fast and efficient light modulation. The fabricated compact (active area <1000 µm2) modulators operate in the wavelength range of 850–950 nm, featuring a maximum intensity modulation depth of 42 % at the driving voltage of ±10 V within the bandwidth of 13.5 MHz (with the potential bandwidth of 6.5 GHz). The introduced nonlocal electro-optic metasurface configuration opens new avenues towards the realization of ultrafast, efficient, and robust free-space light modulators based on an LN flat optics approach. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-05b5ff41e3ad48a78486b5112ded61b3 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2192-8606 2192-8614 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanophotonics |
| spelling | doaj-art-05b5ff41e3ad48a78486b5112ded61b32025-08-20T01:53:26ZengDe GruyterNanophotonics2192-86062192-86142023-04-0112142953296210.1515/nanoph-2023-0042Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulationDamgaard-Carstensen Christopher0Bozhevolnyi Sergey I.1Centre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230Odense M, DenmarkCentre for Nano Optics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230Odense M, DenmarkDynamic optical metasurfaces with ultrafast temporal response, i.e., spatiotemporal optical metasurfaces, provide attractive solutions and open fascinating perspectives for modern highly integrated optics and photonics. In this work, electro-optically controlled optical metasurfaces operating in reflection and utilizing resonant waveguide mode excitation are demonstrated from the viewpoint of free-space propagating light modulation. The modulation of reflected light power with superior characteristics in comparison with prior research is achieved by identifying a suitable low-loss waveguide mode and exploiting its resonant excitation. The electro-optic Pockels effect in a 300 nm-thick lithium niobate (LN) film sandwiched between a continuous thick gold film and an array of gold nanostripes, serving also as control electrodes, is exploited to realize fast and efficient light modulation. The fabricated compact (active area <1000 µm2) modulators operate in the wavelength range of 850–950 nm, featuring a maximum intensity modulation depth of 42 % at the driving voltage of ±10 V within the bandwidth of 13.5 MHz (with the potential bandwidth of 6.5 GHz). The introduced nonlocal electro-optic metasurface configuration opens new avenues towards the realization of ultrafast, efficient, and robust free-space light modulators based on an LN flat optics approach.https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0042dynamicelectro-optic effectslight modulationlithium niobatemetasurfacesnonlocalpockels effect |
| spellingShingle | Damgaard-Carstensen Christopher Bozhevolnyi Sergey I. Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation Nanophotonics dynamic electro-optic effects light modulation lithium niobate metasurfaces nonlocal pockels effect |
| title | Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation |
| title_full | Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation |
| title_fullStr | Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation |
| title_short | Nonlocal electro-optic metasurfaces for free-space light modulation |
| title_sort | nonlocal electro optic metasurfaces for free space light modulation |
| topic | dynamic electro-optic effects light modulation lithium niobate metasurfaces nonlocal pockels effect |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2023-0042 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT damgaardcarstensenchristopher nonlocalelectroopticmetasurfacesforfreespacelightmodulation AT bozhevolnyisergeyi nonlocalelectroopticmetasurfacesforfreespacelightmodulation |