Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation
Background Differences in social behaviours are common in young people with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). Recent research challenges the long-standing hypothesis that difficulties in social cognition explain social behaviour differences. Aims We examined how difficulties regulating one'...
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Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BJPsych Open |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472424008317/type/journal_article |
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| author | Iciar Iturmendi-Sabater Evdokia Anagnostou Marc A. Fournier Jennifer Crosbie Russell Schachar Robert Nicolson Stelios Georgiadis Elizabeth Kelley Jessica Jones Jessica Brian Hsiang-Yuan Lin Meng-Chuan Lai |
| author_facet | Iciar Iturmendi-Sabater Evdokia Anagnostou Marc A. Fournier Jennifer Crosbie Russell Schachar Robert Nicolson Stelios Georgiadis Elizabeth Kelley Jessica Jones Jessica Brian Hsiang-Yuan Lin Meng-Chuan Lai |
| author_sort | Iciar Iturmendi-Sabater |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background
Differences in social behaviours are common in young people with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). Recent research challenges the long-standing hypothesis that difficulties in social cognition explain social behaviour differences.
Aims
We examined how difficulties regulating one's behaviour, emotions and thoughts to adapt to environmental demands (i.e. dysregulation), alongside social cognition, explain social behaviours across neurodiverse young people.
Method
We analysed cross-sectional behavioural and cognitive data of 646 6- to 18-year-old typically developing young people and those with NDCs from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Network. Social behaviours and dysregulation were measured by the caregiver-reported Adaptive Behavior Assessment System Social domain and Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile, respectively. Social cognition was assessed by the Neuropsychological Assessment Affect-Recognition and Theory-of-Mind, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and Sandbox continuous false-belief task scores. We split the sample into training (n = 324) and test (n = 322) sets. We investigated how social cognition and dysregulation explained social behaviours through principal component regression and hierarchical regression in the training set. We tested social cognition-by-dysregulation interactions, and whether dysregulation mediated the social cognition–social behaviours association. We assessed model fits in the test set.
Results
Two social cognition components adequately explained social behaviours (13.88%). Lower dysregulation further explained better social behaviours (β = −0.163, 95% CI −0.191 to −0.134). Social cognition-by-dysregulation interaction was non-significant (β = −0.001, 95% CI −0.023 to 0.021). Dysregulation partially mediated the social cognition–social behaviours association (total effect: 0.544, 95% CI 0.370–0.695). Findings were replicated in the test set.
Conclusions
Self-regulation, beyond social cognition, substantially explains social behaviours across neurodiverse young people.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-057c265f9d1c45ce944fb71256afdbf7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2056-4724 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BJPsych Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-057c265f9d1c45ce944fb71256afdbf72025-01-24T06:03:42ZengCambridge University PressBJPsych Open2056-47242025-01-011110.1192/bjo.2024.831Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulationIciar Iturmendi-Sabater0Evdokia Anagnostou1Marc A. Fournier2Jennifer Crosbie3Russell Schachar4Robert Nicolson5Stelios Georgiadis6Elizabeth Kelley7Jessica Jones8Jessica Brian9Hsiang-Yuan Lin10https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9519-209XMeng-Chuan Lai11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9593-5508Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; and Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, CanadaInstitute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Western Ontario, Canada; and Children's Health Research Institute, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, CanadaOfford Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Canada; and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, CanadaDepartment of Psychology, Queen's University, Canada; and Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, CanadaDepartment of Psychiatry, Queen's University, CanadaBloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, Canada; and Department of Paediatrics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, CanadaCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; and Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, CanadaCampbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts & Science, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada; Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan; and Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, TaiwanBackground Differences in social behaviours are common in young people with neurodevelopmental conditions (NDCs). Recent research challenges the long-standing hypothesis that difficulties in social cognition explain social behaviour differences. Aims We examined how difficulties regulating one's behaviour, emotions and thoughts to adapt to environmental demands (i.e. dysregulation), alongside social cognition, explain social behaviours across neurodiverse young people. Method We analysed cross-sectional behavioural and cognitive data of 646 6- to 18-year-old typically developing young people and those with NDCs from the Province of Ontario Neurodevelopmental Network. Social behaviours and dysregulation were measured by the caregiver-reported Adaptive Behavior Assessment System Social domain and Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile, respectively. Social cognition was assessed by the Neuropsychological Assessment Affect-Recognition and Theory-of-Mind, Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test, and Sandbox continuous false-belief task scores. We split the sample into training (n = 324) and test (n = 322) sets. We investigated how social cognition and dysregulation explained social behaviours through principal component regression and hierarchical regression in the training set. We tested social cognition-by-dysregulation interactions, and whether dysregulation mediated the social cognition–social behaviours association. We assessed model fits in the test set. Results Two social cognition components adequately explained social behaviours (13.88%). Lower dysregulation further explained better social behaviours (β = −0.163, 95% CI −0.191 to −0.134). Social cognition-by-dysregulation interaction was non-significant (β = −0.001, 95% CI −0.023 to 0.021). Dysregulation partially mediated the social cognition–social behaviours association (total effect: 0.544, 95% CI 0.370–0.695). Findings were replicated in the test set. Conclusions Self-regulation, beyond social cognition, substantially explains social behaviours across neurodiverse young people. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472424008317/type/journal_articleNeurodevelopmental disorderssocial functioningself-regulationsocial cognitionsocial behaviour |
| spellingShingle | Iciar Iturmendi-Sabater Evdokia Anagnostou Marc A. Fournier Jennifer Crosbie Russell Schachar Robert Nicolson Stelios Georgiadis Elizabeth Kelley Jessica Jones Jessica Brian Hsiang-Yuan Lin Meng-Chuan Lai Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation BJPsych Open Neurodevelopmental disorders social functioning self-regulation social cognition social behaviour |
| title | Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation |
| title_full | Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation |
| title_fullStr | Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation |
| title_short | Understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people: roles of social cognition and self-regulation |
| title_sort | understanding social behaviours across neurodiverse young people roles of social cognition and self regulation |
| topic | Neurodevelopmental disorders social functioning self-regulation social cognition social behaviour |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2056472424008317/type/journal_article |
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