Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality
This cross-sectional study aimed to identify patterns of food preparation and examine their demographic and socio-economic drivers, along with impacts on health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality. Dietary data from a national-representative sample (n = 5005, 3–84 years) of t...
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Cambridge University Press
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nutritional Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679024000879/type/journal_article |
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| author | Mariana Correia Castro Rei Daniela Macedo Correia Duarte Paulo Martins Torres Carla Maria Moura Lopes Ana Isabel Almeida Costa Sara Simões Pereira Rodrigues |
| author_facet | Mariana Correia Castro Rei Daniela Macedo Correia Duarte Paulo Martins Torres Carla Maria Moura Lopes Ana Isabel Almeida Costa Sara Simões Pereira Rodrigues |
| author_sort | Mariana Correia Castro Rei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This cross-sectional study aimed to identify patterns of food preparation and examine their demographic and socio-economic drivers, along with impacts on health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality. Dietary data from a national-representative sample (n = 5005, 3–84 years) of the Portuguese National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF 2015/16) were classified by preparation locations (at or away from home) and analysed via hierarchical clustering. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between demographic and socio-economic factors and food preparation patterns and between these patterns and health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality. The most common food preparation pattern (followed by 45.4% of participants) represented the highest intake of foods prepared by away-from-home establishments. Adolescents (vs. children, OR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.17, 0.49) and older adults (vs. adults, OR = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.26, 0.53) had lower odds of following this pattern, whereas adult men (vs. women, OR = 4.20, 95%CI = 3.17, 5.57) had higher odds. Higher education, higher household income, and having children/adolescents in the household also increased the odds of eating foods prepared away from home, whereas living in rural areas or in food-insecure households decreased the odds. Noticeably, adults consuming more foods prepared away from home had lower odds of being overweight or obese (OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.56, 0.97), but higher odds of sedentarism (OR = 1.45, 95%CI = 1.08, 1.96) and poor diet (OR = 3.01, 95%CI = 2.08, 4.34) compared to those consuming more foods prepared at home by themselves. Dietary patterns marked by high away-from-home food preparation prevail. While these correlated with higher socio-economic status, sedentarism, and poorer diet — relatively to patterns with greater reliance on homecooked food — they were not linked to higher odds of obesity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04cbd35a773d44c1b630a9873269dad9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2048-6790 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nutritional Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-04cbd35a773d44c1b630a9873269dad92025-01-23T08:21:36ZengCambridge University PressJournal of Nutritional Science2048-67902025-01-011410.1017/jns.2024.87Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet qualityMariana Correia Castro Rei0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8945-3708Daniela Macedo Correia1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8886-3211Duarte Paulo Martins Torres2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8960-2160Carla Maria Moura Lopes3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1524-852XAna Isabel Almeida Costa4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6443-8229Sara Simões Pereira Rodrigues5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0647-5018Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalEPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalEPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses, e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalCatólica Lisbon School of Business & Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisboa, PortugalFaculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Porto, PortugalThis cross-sectional study aimed to identify patterns of food preparation and examine their demographic and socio-economic drivers, along with impacts on health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality. Dietary data from a national-representative sample (n = 5005, 3–84 years) of the Portuguese National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey (IAN-AF 2015/16) were classified by preparation locations (at or away from home) and analysed via hierarchical clustering. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between demographic and socio-economic factors and food preparation patterns and between these patterns and health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality. The most common food preparation pattern (followed by 45.4% of participants) represented the highest intake of foods prepared by away-from-home establishments. Adolescents (vs. children, OR = 0.29, 95%CI = 0.17, 0.49) and older adults (vs. adults, OR = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.26, 0.53) had lower odds of following this pattern, whereas adult men (vs. women, OR = 4.20, 95%CI = 3.17, 5.57) had higher odds. Higher education, higher household income, and having children/adolescents in the household also increased the odds of eating foods prepared away from home, whereas living in rural areas or in food-insecure households decreased the odds. Noticeably, adults consuming more foods prepared away from home had lower odds of being overweight or obese (OR = 0.74, 95%CI = 0.56, 0.97), but higher odds of sedentarism (OR = 1.45, 95%CI = 1.08, 1.96) and poor diet (OR = 3.01, 95%CI = 2.08, 4.34) compared to those consuming more foods prepared at home by themselves. Dietary patterns marked by high away-from-home food preparation prevail. While these correlated with higher socio-economic status, sedentarism, and poorer diet — relatively to patterns with greater reliance on homecooked food — they were not linked to higher odds of obesity.https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679024000879/type/journal_articleCross-sectionalHome cookingDiet qualityFood preparation patternsPublic health factors |
| spellingShingle | Mariana Correia Castro Rei Daniela Macedo Correia Duarte Paulo Martins Torres Carla Maria Moura Lopes Ana Isabel Almeida Costa Sara Simões Pereira Rodrigues Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality Journal of Nutritional Science Cross-sectional Home cooking Diet quality Food preparation patterns Public health factors |
| title | Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality |
| title_full | Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality |
| title_fullStr | Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality |
| title_full_unstemmed | Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality |
| title_short | Patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio-economic characteristics, health and nutritional status, physical activity, and diet quality |
| title_sort | patterns of food preparation in children and adult diets and their associations with demographic and socio economic characteristics health and nutritional status physical activity and diet quality |
| topic | Cross-sectional Home cooking Diet quality Food preparation patterns Public health factors |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679024000879/type/journal_article |
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