Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards
Although the influence of infill masonry on horizontal load structure behavior is well-documented, current standards and regulations have yet to fully incorporate or explicitly define the load-bearing capacity of this complex system. Canadian and American standards present more comprehensive and spe...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/2/190 |
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| author | Ciprian Bratu Dario Šokić Naida Ademović Ercan Isik Borko Bulajić Dorin Radu Marijana Hadzima-Nyarko |
| author_facet | Ciprian Bratu Dario Šokić Naida Ademović Ercan Isik Borko Bulajić Dorin Radu Marijana Hadzima-Nyarko |
| author_sort | Ciprian Bratu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although the influence of infill masonry on horizontal load structure behavior is well-documented, current standards and regulations have yet to fully incorporate or explicitly define the load-bearing capacity of this complex system. Canadian and American standards present more comprehensive and specific methodologies for calculating the load-bearing capacity of infill masonry and frame systems. In contrast, European standards tend to focus on offering general guidelines for the design of these systems without delving into the detailed calculation procedures. However, extensive data and experimental studies on this topic are available in the literature. The primary aim of this paper was to compile a database of experiments involving frames with different types of infill masonry. Subsequently, the empirical results obtained through the application of analytical expressions from various standards are compared to the experimental data included in the compiled database. The obtained load-bearing values were compared to different standards and work conducted by various researchers found in the literature in order to assess their reliability. Based on the obtained results, important conclusions were drawn, specifically to the most accurate equivalent diagonal model used and the analytical expressions to be used in the assessment of the masonry-infilled steel frame behavior. The equivalent diagonal model, utilized in all analytical expressions, can provide highly accurate estimations of load-bearing capacities that closely align with the experimental results. Regardless of the type of infill element, the analytical expressions consistently overestimated the load-bearing capacity. In the presence of longitudinal force, analytical expressions tend to be conservative, providing significantly lower load-bearing values compared with experimental results, which ensures a safety margin. The database can be utilized to develop numerical models, which can subsequently serve as the foundation for probabilistic methods used in conducting reliability assessments. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-04831ac9d0c64ec3855242155fa98f8a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-5309 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Buildings |
| spelling | doaj-art-04831ac9d0c64ec3855242155fa98f8a2025-01-24T13:26:07ZengMDPI AGBuildings2075-53092025-01-0115219010.3390/buildings15020190Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to StandardsCiprian Bratu0Dario Šokić1Naida Ademović2Ercan Isik3Borko Bulajić4Dorin Radu5Marijana Hadzima-Nyarko6Faculty of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500152 Brașov, RomaniaFaculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaFaculty of Civil Engineering, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and HerzegovinaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Bitlis Eren University, Bitlis 13100, TürkiyeFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, SerbiaFaculty of Civil Engineering, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500152 Brașov, RomaniaFaculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 31000 Osijek, CroatiaAlthough the influence of infill masonry on horizontal load structure behavior is well-documented, current standards and regulations have yet to fully incorporate or explicitly define the load-bearing capacity of this complex system. Canadian and American standards present more comprehensive and specific methodologies for calculating the load-bearing capacity of infill masonry and frame systems. In contrast, European standards tend to focus on offering general guidelines for the design of these systems without delving into the detailed calculation procedures. However, extensive data and experimental studies on this topic are available in the literature. The primary aim of this paper was to compile a database of experiments involving frames with different types of infill masonry. Subsequently, the empirical results obtained through the application of analytical expressions from various standards are compared to the experimental data included in the compiled database. The obtained load-bearing values were compared to different standards and work conducted by various researchers found in the literature in order to assess their reliability. Based on the obtained results, important conclusions were drawn, specifically to the most accurate equivalent diagonal model used and the analytical expressions to be used in the assessment of the masonry-infilled steel frame behavior. The equivalent diagonal model, utilized in all analytical expressions, can provide highly accurate estimations of load-bearing capacities that closely align with the experimental results. Regardless of the type of infill element, the analytical expressions consistently overestimated the load-bearing capacity. In the presence of longitudinal force, analytical expressions tend to be conservative, providing significantly lower load-bearing values compared with experimental results, which ensures a safety margin. The database can be utilized to develop numerical models, which can subsequently serve as the foundation for probabilistic methods used in conducting reliability assessments.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/2/190infilled steel framesload bearing capacityclassificationmodes of failureexperimentsanalytical predictions |
| spellingShingle | Ciprian Bratu Dario Šokić Naida Ademović Ercan Isik Borko Bulajić Dorin Radu Marijana Hadzima-Nyarko Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards Buildings infilled steel frames load bearing capacity classification modes of failure experiments analytical predictions |
| title | Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards |
| title_full | Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards |
| title_short | Assessment of Masonry-Infilled Steel Frames Using Existing Experimental Tests Database in Comparison to Standards |
| title_sort | assessment of masonry infilled steel frames using existing experimental tests database in comparison to standards |
| topic | infilled steel frames load bearing capacity classification modes of failure experiments analytical predictions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/15/2/190 |
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