Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA)
Supercritical CO2 modified by polar solvents can extract a wide variety of polar and non-polar chemical components compared to conventional methods. The current study aims to extract Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower using the ethanol modified supercritical CO2 (SCO2-EOH) method; analyze its chemical compo...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025001264 |
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| author | Seyyed Ali Hoseini Mohsen Vazifedoost Bahareh Hajirostamloo Zohreh Didar Mohamad Mehdi Nematshahi |
| author_facet | Seyyed Ali Hoseini Mohsen Vazifedoost Bahareh Hajirostamloo Zohreh Didar Mohamad Mehdi Nematshahi |
| author_sort | Seyyed Ali Hoseini |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Supercritical CO2 modified by polar solvents can extract a wide variety of polar and non-polar chemical components compared to conventional methods. The current study aims to extract Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower using the ethanol modified supercritical CO2 (SCO2-EOH) method; analyze its chemical compounds and bioactivity, encapsulate the extract in maltodextrin, gum-Arabic (GA), and their combination (GA + MD) using the spray drying method and investigate the differences among microparticles using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The Rivas extract obtained by the SCO2-EOH method was a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids (mainly linoleic acid: 57.58 %), phytosterols (mainly sitosterol: 197.02 and campesterol: 144.47 mg/100g), terpenoids (mainly camphor: 17.52 %; and 1,8-cineol: 10.91 %) and phenolics (mainly m-coumaric acid: 48.22; luteolin: 38.07 and gallic acid: 26.25 mg/g). The yield of Rivas extract was 1.62 ± 0.27 %. The extract bioactivity was as follows: antioxidant activity of 89.6 ± 1.39 %; total phenolic content of 306.19 ± 13.59 mg GAE/g; total flavonoid content of179.84 ± 5.77 mg QE/g and a comparable antimicrobial effect to synthetic antimicrobials against E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and A. fumigatus. The encapsulation efficiency of microparticles was 90.53 % for MD to 93.23 % for GA + MD (P < 0.05). The microparticles had irregular semi-spherical shapes with wrinkled surfaces. According to the PCA, MD showed the best solubility and the lowest price, making it a cost-effective ingredient to improve the nutritional-value of food formulations. If the stability of bioactive compounds is more important, GA + MD will be the best choice. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-044fcb061cf54d0389b8514c4cc7a484 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-044fcb061cf54d0389b8514c4cc7a4842025-02-02T05:28:04ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01112e41746Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA)Seyyed Ali Hoseini0Mohsen Vazifedoost1Bahareh Hajirostamloo2Zohreh Didar3Mohamad Mehdi Nematshahi4Department of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran; Corresponding author.Department of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, IranDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, IranDepartment of Food Science and Engineering, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, IranSupercritical CO2 modified by polar solvents can extract a wide variety of polar and non-polar chemical components compared to conventional methods. The current study aims to extract Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower using the ethanol modified supercritical CO2 (SCO2-EOH) method; analyze its chemical compounds and bioactivity, encapsulate the extract in maltodextrin, gum-Arabic (GA), and their combination (GA + MD) using the spray drying method and investigate the differences among microparticles using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The Rivas extract obtained by the SCO2-EOH method was a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids (mainly linoleic acid: 57.58 %), phytosterols (mainly sitosterol: 197.02 and campesterol: 144.47 mg/100g), terpenoids (mainly camphor: 17.52 %; and 1,8-cineol: 10.91 %) and phenolics (mainly m-coumaric acid: 48.22; luteolin: 38.07 and gallic acid: 26.25 mg/g). The yield of Rivas extract was 1.62 ± 0.27 %. The extract bioactivity was as follows: antioxidant activity of 89.6 ± 1.39 %; total phenolic content of 306.19 ± 13.59 mg GAE/g; total flavonoid content of179.84 ± 5.77 mg QE/g and a comparable antimicrobial effect to synthetic antimicrobials against E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and A. fumigatus. The encapsulation efficiency of microparticles was 90.53 % for MD to 93.23 % for GA + MD (P < 0.05). The microparticles had irregular semi-spherical shapes with wrinkled surfaces. According to the PCA, MD showed the best solubility and the lowest price, making it a cost-effective ingredient to improve the nutritional-value of food formulations. If the stability of bioactive compounds is more important, GA + MD will be the best choice.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025001264RivasEthanol-modified supercritical CO2BioactivityGC-MSEncapsulationMorphology |
| spellingShingle | Seyyed Ali Hoseini Mohsen Vazifedoost Bahareh Hajirostamloo Zohreh Didar Mohamad Mehdi Nematshahi Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA) Heliyon Rivas Ethanol-modified supercritical CO2 Bioactivity GC-MS Encapsulation Morphology |
| title | Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA) |
| title_full | Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA) |
| title_fullStr | Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA) |
| title_short | Supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of Rivas (Rheum ribes) flower: Principal component analysis (PCA) |
| title_sort | supercritical fluid extraction and encapsulation of rivas rheum ribes flower principal component analysis pca |
| topic | Rivas Ethanol-modified supercritical CO2 Bioactivity GC-MS Encapsulation Morphology |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025001264 |
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