Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Background: Plasma metabolites could be suitable as predictive biomarkers for cardiovascular pathologies or death, thereby improving the prediction of protein biomarkers. The release of acylcarnitines may be altered after coronary artery disease (CAD) in subjects with recurrent clinical outcomes, an...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo Francisco J. Rupérez Brenda Lee Simas Porto Carmen Cristóbal Nieves Tarín Ana Isabel Huelmos Joaquín Alonso Jesús Egido Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernández Lorenzo López-Bescós José Tuñón Óscar Lorenzo |
| author_facet | Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo Francisco J. Rupérez Brenda Lee Simas Porto Carmen Cristóbal Nieves Tarín Ana Isabel Huelmos Joaquín Alonso Jesús Egido Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernández Lorenzo López-Bescós José Tuñón Óscar Lorenzo |
| author_sort | Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Plasma metabolites could be suitable as predictive biomarkers for cardiovascular pathologies or death, thereby improving the prediction of protein biomarkers. The release of acylcarnitines may be altered after coronary artery disease (CAD) in subjects with recurrent clinical outcomes, and this could be used as a prognosis tool. Methods: Patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) who had suffered an acute coronary syndrome 6–9 months before were followed for up to 4.3 years for adverse events. Soluble pro-inflammatory/fibrotic proteins, and a panel of 13 amino acids and 13 acylcarnitines, were evaluated by ELISA and metabolomics analyses as potential predictors of a primary outcome [heart failure (HF) or death]. Results: Among 139 patients (67.0 years old, BMI = 28.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, and 71.2% male), 25 developed the primary outcome after a mean follow-up of 2.2 years. These patients showed increased plasma levels of NT-proBNP (1300 vs. 250 pg/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001), pro-inflammatory/fibrotic MCP-1 (1.7 vs. 1.4 × 10<sup>2</sup> pg/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.043), Gal-3 (12.7 vs. 7.9 ng/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and NGAL (2.7 vs. 1.6 × 10<sup>2</sup> ng/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and lower acetyl- and propionylcarnitines (0.59 vs. 0.99 µM, <i>p</i> = 0.007, and 3.22 vs. 6.49 × 10<sup>−2</sup> µM, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Instead, plasma amino acids were not significantly changed. Through a multivariable logistic regression analysis, a combined model of age, Gal-3, and the NGAL/propionylcarnitine ratio showed the highest prediction for HF or death (AUC = 0.88, sensitivity = 0.8, and specificity = 0.81; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with SCAD led to recurrent HF or all-cause death. Interestingly, increased levels of plasma NGAL and Gal-3, and a reduction in propionylcarnitine, could predict the occurrence of these events. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-041fe5d99e25409185f154e0f3526422 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-041fe5d99e25409185f154e0f35264222025-01-24T13:24:54ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2024-12-011512710.3390/biom15010027Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery DiseaseJairo Lumpuy-Castillo0Francisco J. Rupérez1Brenda Lee Simas Porto2Carmen Cristóbal3Nieves Tarín4Ana Isabel Huelmos5Joaquín Alonso6Jesús Egido7Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernández8Lorenzo López-Bescós9José Tuñón10Óscar Lorenzo11Laboratory of Vascular Pathology and Diabetes, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, SpainCenter of Excellence in Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, University of San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, SpainCenter of Excellence in Metabolomics and Bioanalysis, University of San Pablo CEU, 28003 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, 28942 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Móstoles, 28935 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario Fundación Alcorcón, 28922 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Cardiology, Hospital de Getafe, 28905 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medicine Campus, Autónoma University, 28029 Madrid, SpainBiostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medical Specialties and Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alcorcón Campus, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Madrid, SpainDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medicine Campus, Autónoma University, 28029 Madrid, SpainLaboratory of Vascular Pathology and Diabetes, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, SpainBackground: Plasma metabolites could be suitable as predictive biomarkers for cardiovascular pathologies or death, thereby improving the prediction of protein biomarkers. The release of acylcarnitines may be altered after coronary artery disease (CAD) in subjects with recurrent clinical outcomes, and this could be used as a prognosis tool. Methods: Patients with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) who had suffered an acute coronary syndrome 6–9 months before were followed for up to 4.3 years for adverse events. Soluble pro-inflammatory/fibrotic proteins, and a panel of 13 amino acids and 13 acylcarnitines, were evaluated by ELISA and metabolomics analyses as potential predictors of a primary outcome [heart failure (HF) or death]. Results: Among 139 patients (67.0 years old, BMI = 28.6 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, and 71.2% male), 25 developed the primary outcome after a mean follow-up of 2.2 years. These patients showed increased plasma levels of NT-proBNP (1300 vs. 250 pg/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001), pro-inflammatory/fibrotic MCP-1 (1.7 vs. 1.4 × 10<sup>2</sup> pg/mL; <i>p</i> = 0.043), Gal-3 (12.7 vs. 7.9 ng/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and NGAL (2.7 vs. 1.6 × 10<sup>2</sup> ng/mL; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and lower acetyl- and propionylcarnitines (0.59 vs. 0.99 µM, <i>p</i> = 0.007, and 3.22 vs. 6.49 × 10<sup>−2</sup> µM, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Instead, plasma amino acids were not significantly changed. Through a multivariable logistic regression analysis, a combined model of age, Gal-3, and the NGAL/propionylcarnitine ratio showed the highest prediction for HF or death (AUC = 0.88, sensitivity = 0.8, and specificity = 0.81; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with SCAD led to recurrent HF or all-cause death. Interestingly, increased levels of plasma NGAL and Gal-3, and a reduction in propionylcarnitine, could predict the occurrence of these events.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/27coronary artery diseasemetabolomicsacylcarnitinebiomarkers |
| spellingShingle | Jairo Lumpuy-Castillo Francisco J. Rupérez Brenda Lee Simas Porto Carmen Cristóbal Nieves Tarín Ana Isabel Huelmos Joaquín Alonso Jesús Egido Ignacio Mahíllo-Fernández Lorenzo López-Bescós José Tuñón Óscar Lorenzo Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease Biomolecules coronary artery disease metabolomics acylcarnitine biomarkers |
| title | Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_full | Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_fullStr | Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_short | Plasma Levels of Propionylcarnitine Improved Prediction of Heart Failure and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease |
| title_sort | plasma levels of propionylcarnitine improved prediction of heart failure and all cause mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease |
| topic | coronary artery disease metabolomics acylcarnitine biomarkers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/27 |
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