<i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils

Phytoremediation using <i>Avena sativa</i> offers a sustainable strategy for mitigating sulfentrazone contamination while integrating bioenergy production. This study proposes an analysis of the bioenergy potential and the microbial metagenomic profile associated with <i>Avena sati...

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Main Authors: Caique Menezes de Abreu, Guilherme Henrique Fernandes Carneiro, Márcia Regina da Costa, Gabriela Madureira Barroso, Tayna Sousa Duque, Joice Mariana Santos Silva, José Barbosa dos Santos
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Xenobiotics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/15/3/87
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author Caique Menezes de Abreu
Guilherme Henrique Fernandes Carneiro
Márcia Regina da Costa
Gabriela Madureira Barroso
Tayna Sousa Duque
Joice Mariana Santos Silva
José Barbosa dos Santos
author_facet Caique Menezes de Abreu
Guilherme Henrique Fernandes Carneiro
Márcia Regina da Costa
Gabriela Madureira Barroso
Tayna Sousa Duque
Joice Mariana Santos Silva
José Barbosa dos Santos
author_sort Caique Menezes de Abreu
collection DOAJ
description Phytoremediation using <i>Avena sativa</i> offers a sustainable strategy for mitigating sulfentrazone contamination while integrating bioenergy production. This study proposes an analysis of the bioenergy potential and the microbial metagenomic profile associated with <i>Avena sativa</i> in the presence and absence of sulfentrazone, aiming at the synergistic bioprospecting of microbial communities capable of biodegradation and remediation of contaminated environments. Using a randomized block design, we evaluated the bioenergy potential and rhizospheric microbial dynamics of <i>A. sativa</i> in soils with and without sulfentrazone (600 g ha<sup>−1</sup>). Herbicide residues were quantified via UHPLC-MS/MS, and metagenomic profiles were obtained through 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing to assess shifts in rhizospheric microbiota. Microbial diversity was analyzed using the Shannon and Gini–Simpson Indices, complemented by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Bioenergy yields (biogas and ethanol) were estimated based on plant biomass. Over 80 days, the cultivation of <i>A. sativa</i> promoted a 19.7% dissipation of sulfentrazone, associated with rhizospheric enrichment of plant growth-promoting taxa (<i>Bradyrhizobium</i>, <i>Rhodococcus</i>, and <i>Trichoderma</i>), which increased by 68% compared to uncontaminated soils. Contaminated soils exhibited reduced microbial diversity (Gini–Simpson Index = 0.7), with a predominance of <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Ascomycota</i>, suggesting adaptive specialization. Despite herbicide-induced stress (39.3% reduction in plant height and 60% reduction in grain yield), the biomass demonstrated considerable bioenergy potential: 340.6 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>−1</sup> of biogas and 284.4 L ha<sup>−1</sup> of ethanol. The findings highlight the dual role of <i>A. sativa</i> in soil rehabilitation and renewable energy systems, supported by plant–microbe synergies. Scalability challenges and regulatory gaps in ecotoxicological assessments were identified, reinforcing the need to optimize microbial consortia and implement region-specific management strategies. These results support the integration of phytoremediation into circular bioeconomy models, balancing ecological recovery with agricultural productivity. Future research should focus on microbial genetic pathways, field-scale validation, and the development of regulatory frameworks to advance this green technology in global soil remediation efforts.
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spelling doaj-art-041a719c797a4e2abdec3fad8a5daaaa2025-08-20T02:20:58ZengMDPI AGJournal of Xenobiotics2039-47052039-47132025-06-011538710.3390/jox15030087<i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated SoilsCaique Menezes de Abreu0Guilherme Henrique Fernandes Carneiro1Márcia Regina da Costa2Gabriela Madureira Barroso3Tayna Sousa Duque4Joice Mariana Santos Silva5José Barbosa dos Santos6Department of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilDepartment of Agronomy, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina 39100-000, MG, BrazilPhytoremediation using <i>Avena sativa</i> offers a sustainable strategy for mitigating sulfentrazone contamination while integrating bioenergy production. This study proposes an analysis of the bioenergy potential and the microbial metagenomic profile associated with <i>Avena sativa</i> in the presence and absence of sulfentrazone, aiming at the synergistic bioprospecting of microbial communities capable of biodegradation and remediation of contaminated environments. Using a randomized block design, we evaluated the bioenergy potential and rhizospheric microbial dynamics of <i>A. sativa</i> in soils with and without sulfentrazone (600 g ha<sup>−1</sup>). Herbicide residues were quantified via UHPLC-MS/MS, and metagenomic profiles were obtained through 16S rRNA gene and ITS region sequencing to assess shifts in rhizospheric microbiota. Microbial diversity was analyzed using the Shannon and Gini–Simpson Indices, complemented by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Bioenergy yields (biogas and ethanol) were estimated based on plant biomass. Over 80 days, the cultivation of <i>A. sativa</i> promoted a 19.7% dissipation of sulfentrazone, associated with rhizospheric enrichment of plant growth-promoting taxa (<i>Bradyrhizobium</i>, <i>Rhodococcus</i>, and <i>Trichoderma</i>), which increased by 68% compared to uncontaminated soils. Contaminated soils exhibited reduced microbial diversity (Gini–Simpson Index = 0.7), with a predominance of <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Ascomycota</i>, suggesting adaptive specialization. Despite herbicide-induced stress (39.3% reduction in plant height and 60% reduction in grain yield), the biomass demonstrated considerable bioenergy potential: 340.6 m<sup>3</sup> ha<sup>−1</sup> of biogas and 284.4 L ha<sup>−1</sup> of ethanol. The findings highlight the dual role of <i>A. sativa</i> in soil rehabilitation and renewable energy systems, supported by plant–microbe synergies. Scalability challenges and regulatory gaps in ecotoxicological assessments were identified, reinforcing the need to optimize microbial consortia and implement region-specific management strategies. These results support the integration of phytoremediation into circular bioeconomy models, balancing ecological recovery with agricultural productivity. Future research should focus on microbial genetic pathways, field-scale validation, and the development of regulatory frameworks to advance this green technology in global soil remediation efforts.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/15/3/87agricultureherbicidemicrobial biodiversityremediationsoil contaminationsustainability
spellingShingle Caique Menezes de Abreu
Guilherme Henrique Fernandes Carneiro
Márcia Regina da Costa
Gabriela Madureira Barroso
Tayna Sousa Duque
Joice Mariana Santos Silva
José Barbosa dos Santos
<i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils
Journal of Xenobiotics
agriculture
herbicide
microbial biodiversity
remediation
soil contamination
sustainability
title <i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils
title_full <i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils
title_fullStr <i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils
title_full_unstemmed <i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils
title_short <i>Avena sativa</i> as a Multifunctional Tool for Phytoremediation and Bioenergy Production in Sulfentrazone Contaminated Soils
title_sort i avena sativa i as a multifunctional tool for phytoremediation and bioenergy production in sulfentrazone contaminated soils
topic agriculture
herbicide
microbial biodiversity
remediation
soil contamination
sustainability
url https://www.mdpi.com/2039-4713/15/3/87
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