Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy
The present work was performed on A413.1 alloy containing 0.2–1.5 wt% rare earth metals (lanthanum or cerium), 0.05–0.15% Ti, and 0–0.02 wt% Sr. These elements were either added individually or combined. Thermal analysis, image analysis, and electron probe microanalysis were the main techniques empl...
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Wiley
2017-01-01
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| Series: | Advances in Materials Science and Engineering |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4712946 |
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| author | M. G. Mahmoud A. M. Samuel H. W. Doty S. Valtierra F. H. Samuel |
| author_facet | M. G. Mahmoud A. M. Samuel H. W. Doty S. Valtierra F. H. Samuel |
| author_sort | M. G. Mahmoud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present work was performed on A413.1 alloy containing 0.2–1.5 wt% rare earth metals (lanthanum or cerium), 0.05–0.15% Ti, and 0–0.02 wt% Sr. These elements were either added individually or combined. Thermal analysis, image analysis, and electron probe microanalysis were the main techniques employed in the present study. The results show that the use of the depression in the eutectic temperature as a function of alloy modification cannot be applied in the case when the alloy is treated with rare earth metals. Increasing the concentration of RE increases the solidification zone especially in Sr-modified alloys leading to poor feeding ability. This observation is more prominent in the case of Ce addition. Depending upon the amount of added Ti, two RE based intermetallics can be formed: (i) a white phase, mainly platelet-like (approximately 2.5 μm thick), that is rich in RE, Si, Cu, and Al and (ii) a second phase made up of mainly grey sludge particles (star-like) branching in different directions. The grey phase is rich in Ti with some RE (almost 20% of that in the white phase) with traces of Si and Cu. There is a strong interaction between RE and Sr leading to a reduction in the efficiency of Sr as a eutectic Si modifier causing particle demodification. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-035b4cfd09d4452bb306f4387c98e21e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8434 1687-8442 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2017-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Advances in Materials Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-035b4cfd09d4452bb306f4387c98e21e2025-02-03T05:51:25ZengWileyAdvances in Materials Science and Engineering1687-84341687-84422017-01-01201710.1155/2017/47129464712946Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 AlloyM. G. Mahmoud0A. M. Samuel1H. W. Doty2S. Valtierra3F. H. Samuel4Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, CanadaUniversité du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, CanadaGeneral Motors, Materials Engineering, 823 Joslyn Avenue, Pontiac, MI 48340, USANemak, S.A., Libramiento Arco Vial Km. 3.8, 66000 Garcia, NL, MexicoUniversité du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, CanadaThe present work was performed on A413.1 alloy containing 0.2–1.5 wt% rare earth metals (lanthanum or cerium), 0.05–0.15% Ti, and 0–0.02 wt% Sr. These elements were either added individually or combined. Thermal analysis, image analysis, and electron probe microanalysis were the main techniques employed in the present study. The results show that the use of the depression in the eutectic temperature as a function of alloy modification cannot be applied in the case when the alloy is treated with rare earth metals. Increasing the concentration of RE increases the solidification zone especially in Sr-modified alloys leading to poor feeding ability. This observation is more prominent in the case of Ce addition. Depending upon the amount of added Ti, two RE based intermetallics can be formed: (i) a white phase, mainly platelet-like (approximately 2.5 μm thick), that is rich in RE, Si, Cu, and Al and (ii) a second phase made up of mainly grey sludge particles (star-like) branching in different directions. The grey phase is rich in Ti with some RE (almost 20% of that in the white phase) with traces of Si and Cu. There is a strong interaction between RE and Sr leading to a reduction in the efficiency of Sr as a eutectic Si modifier causing particle demodification.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4712946 |
| spellingShingle | M. G. Mahmoud A. M. Samuel H. W. Doty S. Valtierra F. H. Samuel Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy Advances in Materials Science and Engineering |
| title | Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy |
| title_full | Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy |
| title_short | Effect of Rare Earth Metals, Sr, and Ti Addition on the Microstructural Characterization of A413.1 Alloy |
| title_sort | effect of rare earth metals sr and ti addition on the microstructural characterization of a413 1 alloy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/4712946 |
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