Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain
Abstract Introduction Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) represents a significant global health burden, with enteric viruses being a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, there are limited data on adults seeking care due to AGE of viral etiology. This stud...
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Adis, Springer Healthcare
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Infectious Diseases and Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01076-0 |
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| author | Sara Herranz-Ulldemolins Anna Sellarès-Crous Miriam J. Álvarez-Martínez M. Eugenia Valls Marta Aldea Novo Anna Vilella Morató Laura Rodriguez Mireia Navarro Roser Vendrell Josep Barrachina Miguel J. Martínez M. Ángeles Marcos |
| author_facet | Sara Herranz-Ulldemolins Anna Sellarès-Crous Miriam J. Álvarez-Martínez M. Eugenia Valls Marta Aldea Novo Anna Vilella Morató Laura Rodriguez Mireia Navarro Roser Vendrell Josep Barrachina Miguel J. Martínez M. Ángeles Marcos |
| author_sort | Sara Herranz-Ulldemolins |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) represents a significant global health burden, with enteric viruses being a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, there are limited data on adults seeking care due to AGE of viral etiology. This study aimed to describe the etiological, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of viral AGE in adult patients presenting for medical consultation in a tertiary hospital over a 2-year period. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, with 8886 stool samples from 8356 adult patients presenting acute diarrhea between January 2021 and December 2022. A molecular real-time RT-PCR panel was used to screen for common bacterial, parasitic, and viral pathogens. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate possible associations. Results Enteric viruses constituted 10.3% (307 cases) of all AGE of known etiology, with norovirus being the predominant pathogen (196, 63.8%), followed by rotavirus (82, 26.7%) and adenovirus (29, 9.4%). The different viruses showed a distinct seasonal predominance. Coinfection with other microorganisms was common. Most cases exhibited a self-limiting course. Mortality and hospitalization rates were high in patients with higher comorbidity indices, mainly in individuals with immunosuppression. Conclusions Viruses are an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in adults presenting for medical consultation. The new multiplex molecular tests with high sensitivity and specificity allow early differential diagnosis in AGE. It is therefore necessary to identify which special populations particularly with higher comorbidity indices, would benefit from the implementation of these techniques, to guide decision-making related to appropriate treatments and avoid unnecessary interventions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-030442ab2e624a76a025513821a7a08d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2193-8229 2193-6382 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Adis, Springer Healthcare |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infectious Diseases and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-030442ab2e624a76a025513821a7a08d2025-02-02T12:35:20ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareInfectious Diseases and Therapy2193-82292193-63822024-11-0114112113210.1007/s40121-024-01076-0Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in SpainSara Herranz-Ulldemolins0Anna Sellarès-Crous1Miriam J. Álvarez-Martínez2M. Eugenia Valls3Marta Aldea Novo4Anna Vilella Morató5Laura Rodriguez6Mireia Navarro7Roser Vendrell8Josep Barrachina9Miguel J. Martínez10M. Ángeles Marcos11Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicDepartment of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital ClínicAbstract Introduction Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) represents a significant global health burden, with enteric viruses being a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, there are limited data on adults seeking care due to AGE of viral etiology. This study aimed to describe the etiological, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of viral AGE in adult patients presenting for medical consultation in a tertiary hospital over a 2-year period. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, with 8886 stool samples from 8356 adult patients presenting acute diarrhea between January 2021 and December 2022. A molecular real-time RT-PCR panel was used to screen for common bacterial, parasitic, and viral pathogens. Clinical and demographic data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate possible associations. Results Enteric viruses constituted 10.3% (307 cases) of all AGE of known etiology, with norovirus being the predominant pathogen (196, 63.8%), followed by rotavirus (82, 26.7%) and adenovirus (29, 9.4%). The different viruses showed a distinct seasonal predominance. Coinfection with other microorganisms was common. Most cases exhibited a self-limiting course. Mortality and hospitalization rates were high in patients with higher comorbidity indices, mainly in individuals with immunosuppression. Conclusions Viruses are an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in adults presenting for medical consultation. The new multiplex molecular tests with high sensitivity and specificity allow early differential diagnosis in AGE. It is therefore necessary to identify which special populations particularly with higher comorbidity indices, would benefit from the implementation of these techniques, to guide decision-making related to appropriate treatments and avoid unnecessary interventions.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01076-0Acute gastroenteritisViral enteritisImmunocompromised patientsNorovirusAdenovirusRotavirus |
| spellingShingle | Sara Herranz-Ulldemolins Anna Sellarès-Crous Miriam J. Álvarez-Martínez M. Eugenia Valls Marta Aldea Novo Anna Vilella Morató Laura Rodriguez Mireia Navarro Roser Vendrell Josep Barrachina Miguel J. Martínez M. Ángeles Marcos Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain Infectious Diseases and Therapy Acute gastroenteritis Viral enteritis Immunocompromised patients Norovirus Adenovirus Rotavirus |
| title | Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain |
| title_full | Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain |
| title_fullStr | Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain |
| title_full_unstemmed | Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain |
| title_short | Etiological, Clinical, and Epidemiological Characteristics of Acute Viral Gastroenteritis in an Adult Population in a Tertiary Level Hospital in Spain |
| title_sort | etiological clinical and epidemiological characteristics of acute viral gastroenteritis in an adult population in a tertiary level hospital in spain |
| topic | Acute gastroenteritis Viral enteritis Immunocompromised patients Norovirus Adenovirus Rotavirus |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01076-0 |
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