The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria
The amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates present on bacterial cell surfaces includes lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, exopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins. While the former are constituents of Gram-negative cells, we review here the cell surface S-layer glycopro...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Microbiology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/127870 |
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| author | Robin Ristl Kerstin Steiner Kristof Zarschler Sonja Zayni Paul Messner Christina Schäffer |
| author_facet | Robin Ristl Kerstin Steiner Kristof Zarschler Sonja Zayni Paul Messner Christina Schäffer |
| author_sort | Robin Ristl |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates present on bacterial cell surfaces includes lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, exopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins. While the former are constituents of Gram-negative cells, we review here the cell surface S-layer glycoproteins of Gram-positive bacteria. S-layer glycoproteins have the unique feature of self-assembling into 2D lattices providing a display matrix for glycans with periodicity at the nanometer scale. Typically, bacterial S-layer glycans are O-glycosidically linked to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues, and they rely on a much wider variety of constituents, glycosidic linkage types, and structures than their eukaryotic counterparts. As the S-layer glycome of several bacteria is unravelling, a picture of how S-layer glycoproteins are biosynthesized is evolving. X-ray crystallography experiments allowed first insights into the catalysis mechanism of selected enzymes. In the future, it will be exciting to fully exploit the S-layer glycome for glycoengineering purposes and to link it to the bacterial interactome. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-02a6f6f41444483ca643979573e8b1b2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-918X 1687-9198 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2011-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj-art-02a6f6f41444483ca643979573e8b1b22025-02-03T01:00:40ZengWileyInternational Journal of Microbiology1687-918X1687-91982011-01-01201110.1155/2011/127870127870The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of BacteriaRobin Ristl0Kerstin Steiner1Kristof Zarschler2Sonja Zayni3Paul Messner4Christina Schäffer5Department of NanoBiotechnology, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of NanoBiotechnology, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of NanoBiotechnology, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of NanoBiotechnology, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of NanoBiotechnology, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of NanoBiotechnology, Vienna Institute of BioTechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, AustriaThe amazing repertoire of glycoconjugates present on bacterial cell surfaces includes lipopolysaccharides, capsular polysaccharides, lipooligosaccharides, exopolysaccharides, and glycoproteins. While the former are constituents of Gram-negative cells, we review here the cell surface S-layer glycoproteins of Gram-positive bacteria. S-layer glycoproteins have the unique feature of self-assembling into 2D lattices providing a display matrix for glycans with periodicity at the nanometer scale. Typically, bacterial S-layer glycans are O-glycosidically linked to serine, threonine, or tyrosine residues, and they rely on a much wider variety of constituents, glycosidic linkage types, and structures than their eukaryotic counterparts. As the S-layer glycome of several bacteria is unravelling, a picture of how S-layer glycoproteins are biosynthesized is evolving. X-ray crystallography experiments allowed first insights into the catalysis mechanism of selected enzymes. In the future, it will be exciting to fully exploit the S-layer glycome for glycoengineering purposes and to link it to the bacterial interactome.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/127870 |
| spellingShingle | Robin Ristl Kerstin Steiner Kristof Zarschler Sonja Zayni Paul Messner Christina Schäffer The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria International Journal of Microbiology |
| title | The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria |
| title_full | The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria |
| title_short | The S-Layer Glycome—Adding to the Sugar Coat of Bacteria |
| title_sort | s layer glycome adding to the sugar coat of bacteria |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/127870 |
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