Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter
ObjectiveTo compare the concentrations and to assess the chronic health risks of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)-bound metal elements on the platform and in the ambient air of a subway station in Tianjin city during winter. MethodsSeven-day continuous PM2.5 a...
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Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Public Health
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Zhongguo gonggong weisheng |
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| Online Access: | https://www.zgggws.com/article/doi/10.11847/zgggws1145230 |
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| author | Yan ZHAO Yang CHEN Yuwen WANG Bodong SHANG Yuxin DU |
| author_facet | Yan ZHAO Yang CHEN Yuwen WANG Bodong SHANG Yuxin DU |
| author_sort | Yan ZHAO |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveTo compare the concentrations and to assess the chronic health risks of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)-bound metal elements on the platform and in the ambient air of a subway station in Tianjin city during winter. MethodsSeven-day continuous PM2.5 air sampling was conducted in November and December 2023 simultaneously on the platform near the tracks and outside of a subway station that had been in operation for more than 10 years in Tianjin city. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the samples were calculated, and the contents of 21 metallic elements in the PM2.5 samples were determined. The health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) was used to assess the health risks of the metallic elements via the respiratory route. ResultsThe mean mass concentration of PM2.5 on the platforms in winter was 246.71 ± 85.55 μg/m3, which was significantly higher than that (112.64 ± 26.26 μg/m3) outside the station during the same period (t = 5.61, P < 0.001). The contents of antimony, manganese, alum, copper, cobalt, aluminum, chromium, lead, nickel, iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and zinc in PM2.5 samples collected on the subway platform were all significantly higher than those in PM2.5 samples collected outside the station (all P < 0.05). The combined non-carcinogenic hazard index (HI) of the nine metal elements was greater than 1, indicating that the exposed population may have some non-carcinogenic health risks. Manganese was found to have the highest non-carcinogenic risk (hazard quotient [HQ] = 0.8), followed by antimony (HQ = 0.1). Chromium posed the highest carcinogenic risk (6.05 × 10 – 5) to the exposed population. ConclusionsThe level of metallic element pollution in PM2.5 on a subway platform in Tianjin city is relatively high. The combined effects of several non-carcinogenic metallic elements may pose certain non-carcinogenic risks to the exposed population. The carcinogenic risks of arsenic, nickel, lead, and cadmium to the exposed population are low, and the carcinogenic risk of chromium is still within acceptable limits. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-029237c99cce44afaee80b0abb2316d6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1001-0580 |
| language | zho |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Editorial Office of Chinese Journal of Public Health |
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| series | Zhongguo gonggong weisheng |
| spelling | doaj-art-029237c99cce44afaee80b0abb2316d62025-01-23T05:12:02ZzhoEditorial Office of Chinese Journal of Public HealthZhongguo gonggong weisheng1001-05802024-11-0140111347135210.11847/zgggws11452301145230Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winterYan ZHAO0Yang CHEN1Yuwen WANG2Bodong SHANG3Yuxin DU4Department of Environmental and Health Monitoring and Evaluation, Institute of Environmental Health and Public Health, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Hygiene and Food Safety, Hongqiao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300122, ChinaDepartment of Environmental and Health Monitoring and Evaluation, Institute of Environmental Health and Public Health, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Physical and Chemical, Institute of Hygienic Inspection, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, ChinaDepartment of Environmental and Health Monitoring and Evaluation, Institute of Environmental Health and Public Health, Tianjin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, ChinaObjectiveTo compare the concentrations and to assess the chronic health risks of particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5)-bound metal elements on the platform and in the ambient air of a subway station in Tianjin city during winter. MethodsSeven-day continuous PM2.5 air sampling was conducted in November and December 2023 simultaneously on the platform near the tracks and outside of a subway station that had been in operation for more than 10 years in Tianjin city. The mass concentrations of PM2.5 in the samples were calculated, and the contents of 21 metallic elements in the PM2.5 samples were determined. The health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) was used to assess the health risks of the metallic elements via the respiratory route. ResultsThe mean mass concentration of PM2.5 on the platforms in winter was 246.71 ± 85.55 μg/m3, which was significantly higher than that (112.64 ± 26.26 μg/m3) outside the station during the same period (t = 5.61, P < 0.001). The contents of antimony, manganese, alum, copper, cobalt, aluminum, chromium, lead, nickel, iron, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and zinc in PM2.5 samples collected on the subway platform were all significantly higher than those in PM2.5 samples collected outside the station (all P < 0.05). The combined non-carcinogenic hazard index (HI) of the nine metal elements was greater than 1, indicating that the exposed population may have some non-carcinogenic health risks. Manganese was found to have the highest non-carcinogenic risk (hazard quotient [HQ] = 0.8), followed by antimony (HQ = 0.1). Chromium posed the highest carcinogenic risk (6.05 × 10 – 5) to the exposed population. ConclusionsThe level of metallic element pollution in PM2.5 on a subway platform in Tianjin city is relatively high. The combined effects of several non-carcinogenic metallic elements may pose certain non-carcinogenic risks to the exposed population. The carcinogenic risks of arsenic, nickel, lead, and cadmium to the exposed population are low, and the carcinogenic risk of chromium is still within acceptable limits.https://www.zgggws.com/article/doi/10.11847/zgggws1145230subway platformfine particulate mattermetallic elementshealth risk assessmenttianjin city |
| spellingShingle | Yan ZHAO Yang CHEN Yuwen WANG Bodong SHANG Yuxin DU Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter Zhongguo gonggong weisheng subway platform fine particulate matter metallic elements health risk assessment tianjin city |
| title | Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter |
| title_full | Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter |
| title_fullStr | Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter |
| title_short | Concentrations and associated health risks of indoor/outdoor PM2.5- bound metallic elements at a subway station in Tianjin city during winter |
| title_sort | concentrations and associated health risks of indoor outdoor pm2 5 bound metallic elements at a subway station in tianjin city during winter |
| topic | subway platform fine particulate matter metallic elements health risk assessment tianjin city |
| url | https://www.zgggws.com/article/doi/10.11847/zgggws1145230 |
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