Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems
Modern potato varieties from high-input, conventional farming-focused breeding programs produce substantially (up to 45%) lower yields when grown in organic production systems, and this was shown to be primarily due to less efficient fertilization and late blight (<i>Phytophthora infestans<...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Gultekin Hasanaliyeva Ourania Giannakopoulou Juan Wang Marcin Barański Enas Khalid Sufar Daryl Knutt Jenny Gilroy Peter Shotton Halima Leifert Dominika Średnicka-Tober Ismail Cakmak Levent Ozturk Bingqiang Zhao Per Ole Iversen Nikolaos Volakakis Paul Bilsborrow Carlo Leifert Leonidas Rempelos |
| author_facet | Gultekin Hasanaliyeva Ourania Giannakopoulou Juan Wang Marcin Barański Enas Khalid Sufar Daryl Knutt Jenny Gilroy Peter Shotton Halima Leifert Dominika Średnicka-Tober Ismail Cakmak Levent Ozturk Bingqiang Zhao Per Ole Iversen Nikolaos Volakakis Paul Bilsborrow Carlo Leifert Leonidas Rempelos |
| author_sort | Gultekin Hasanaliyeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Modern potato varieties from high-input, conventional farming-focused breeding programs produce substantially (up to 45%) lower yields when grown in organic production systems, and this was shown to be primarily due to less efficient fertilization and late blight (<i>Phytophthora infestans</i>) control methods being used in organic farming. It has been hypothesized that the breeding of potato varieties suitable for the organic/low-input sector should (i) focus on increasing nutrient (especially N) use efficiency, (ii) introduce durable late blight resistance, and (iii) be based on selection under low-input conditions. To test this hypothesis, we used an existing long-term factorial field experiment (the NEFG trials) to assess the effect of crop management practices (rotation design, fertilization regime, and crop protection methods) used in conventional and organic farming systems on crop health, tuber yield, and mineral composition parameters in two potato varieties, Santé and Sarpo mira, that were developed in breeding programs for high and low-input farming systems, respectively. Results showed that, compared to Santé, the variety Sarpo mira was more resistant to foliar and tuber blight but more susceptible to potato scab (<i>Streptomyces scabies</i>) and produced higher yields and tubers with higher concentrations of nutritionally desirable mineral nutrients but lower concentrations of Cd. The study also found that, compared to the Cu-fungicides permitted for late blight control in organic production, application of synthetic chemical fungicides permitted and widely used in conventional production resulted in significantly lower late blight severity in Sante but not in Sarpo mira. Results from both ANOVA and redundancy analysis (RDA) indicate that the effects of climatic (precipitation, radiation, and temperature) and agronomic (fertilization and crop protection) explanatory variables on crop health and yield differed considerably between the two varieties. Specifically, the RDA identified crop protection as a significant driver for Santé but not Sarpo mira, while precipitation was the strongest driver for crop health and yield for Sarpo mira but not Santé. In contrast, the effect of climatic and agronomic drivers on tuber mineral and toxic metal concentrations in the two varieties was found to be similar. Our results support the hypothesis that selection of potato varieties under low agrochemical input conditions can deliver varieties that combine (i) late blight resistance/tolerance, (ii) nutrient use efficiency, and (iii) yield potential in organic farming systems. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-01adfc592f6c43fab0e4d5da70e04086 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-01adfc592f6c43fab0e4d5da70e040862025-01-24T13:16:40ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952024-12-011518910.3390/agronomy15010089Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production SystemsGultekin Hasanaliyeva0Ourania Giannakopoulou1Juan Wang2Marcin Barański3Enas Khalid Sufar4Daryl Knutt5Jenny Gilroy6Peter Shotton7Halima Leifert8Dominika Średnicka-Tober9Ismail Cakmak10Levent Ozturk11Bingqiang Zhao12Per Ole Iversen13Nikolaos Volakakis14Paul Bilsborrow15Carlo Leifert16Leonidas Rempelos17Nafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, College of Health Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, ChinaNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKFaculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, TurkeyFaculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, 34956 Istanbul, TurkeyInstitute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning (IARRP), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science (CAAS), Beijing 100081, ChinaDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0312 Oslo, NorwayNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKSchool of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKDepartment of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0312 Oslo, NorwayNafferton Ecological Farming Group, School of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UKModern potato varieties from high-input, conventional farming-focused breeding programs produce substantially (up to 45%) lower yields when grown in organic production systems, and this was shown to be primarily due to less efficient fertilization and late blight (<i>Phytophthora infestans</i>) control methods being used in organic farming. It has been hypothesized that the breeding of potato varieties suitable for the organic/low-input sector should (i) focus on increasing nutrient (especially N) use efficiency, (ii) introduce durable late blight resistance, and (iii) be based on selection under low-input conditions. To test this hypothesis, we used an existing long-term factorial field experiment (the NEFG trials) to assess the effect of crop management practices (rotation design, fertilization regime, and crop protection methods) used in conventional and organic farming systems on crop health, tuber yield, and mineral composition parameters in two potato varieties, Santé and Sarpo mira, that were developed in breeding programs for high and low-input farming systems, respectively. Results showed that, compared to Santé, the variety Sarpo mira was more resistant to foliar and tuber blight but more susceptible to potato scab (<i>Streptomyces scabies</i>) and produced higher yields and tubers with higher concentrations of nutritionally desirable mineral nutrients but lower concentrations of Cd. The study also found that, compared to the Cu-fungicides permitted for late blight control in organic production, application of synthetic chemical fungicides permitted and widely used in conventional production resulted in significantly lower late blight severity in Sante but not in Sarpo mira. Results from both ANOVA and redundancy analysis (RDA) indicate that the effects of climatic (precipitation, radiation, and temperature) and agronomic (fertilization and crop protection) explanatory variables on crop health and yield differed considerably between the two varieties. Specifically, the RDA identified crop protection as a significant driver for Santé but not Sarpo mira, while precipitation was the strongest driver for crop health and yield for Sarpo mira but not Santé. In contrast, the effect of climatic and agronomic drivers on tuber mineral and toxic metal concentrations in the two varieties was found to be similar. Our results support the hypothesis that selection of potato varieties under low agrochemical input conditions can deliver varieties that combine (i) late blight resistance/tolerance, (ii) nutrient use efficiency, and (iii) yield potential in organic farming systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/89potatolate blighttuber yieldtuber mineral contentCdfertilization |
| spellingShingle | Gultekin Hasanaliyeva Ourania Giannakopoulou Juan Wang Marcin Barański Enas Khalid Sufar Daryl Knutt Jenny Gilroy Peter Shotton Halima Leifert Dominika Średnicka-Tober Ismail Cakmak Levent Ozturk Bingqiang Zhao Per Ole Iversen Nikolaos Volakakis Paul Bilsborrow Carlo Leifert Leonidas Rempelos Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems Agronomy potato late blight tuber yield tuber mineral content Cd fertilization |
| title | Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems |
| title_full | Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems |
| title_short | Effects of Climatic Conditions and Agronomic Practices on Health, Tuber Yield, and Mineral Composition of Two Contrasting Potato Varieties Developed for High and Low Input Production Systems |
| title_sort | effects of climatic conditions and agronomic practices on health tuber yield and mineral composition of two contrasting potato varieties developed for high and low input production systems |
| topic | potato late blight tuber yield tuber mineral content Cd fertilization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/15/1/89 |
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