Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer

Atherosclerosis, marked by elevated plaque formation, occurs due to stenosis, which narrows the arterial walls and alters the natural flow path. Previous research has shown that the likelihood of high-rupture stenosis can be linked to temperature distribution variations in bifurcated arteries. In th...

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Main Authors: Mudassar Razzaq, Muhammad Adnan Anwar, Kaleem Iqbal, Marcel Gurris
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Mathematics
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/10/1637
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author Mudassar Razzaq
Muhammad Adnan Anwar
Kaleem Iqbal
Marcel Gurris
author_facet Mudassar Razzaq
Muhammad Adnan Anwar
Kaleem Iqbal
Marcel Gurris
author_sort Mudassar Razzaq
collection DOAJ
description Atherosclerosis, marked by elevated plaque formation, occurs due to stenosis, which narrows the arterial walls and alters the natural flow path. Previous research has shown that the likelihood of high-rupture stenosis can be linked to temperature distribution variations in bifurcated arteries. In this study, we employ a monolithic Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) finite element approach to model heat transfer in fluid–structure interactions within stenosed bifurcated arteries, considering the elasticity of arterial walls. We analyze unsteady, incompressible Newtonian blood flow in a two-dimensional laminar regime, focusing on key factors such as velocity, wall displacement, temperature effects, and the average Nusselt number. Our findings reveal that under pulsatile inflow conditions, minor temperature fluctuations occur under specific waveform flow boundary conditions. Additionally, greater arterial wall flexibility enhances heat transfer between the blood and vessel walls, with flow reflections further contributing to this effect. Lastly, we examine wall shear stress (WSS) at its minimum and maximum values, emphasizing the role of arterial elasticity in influencing these forces.
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spelling doaj-art-00f824f8d9e241ef9f0373329ce2434c2025-08-20T02:33:55ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-05-011310163710.3390/math13101637Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat TransferMudassar Razzaq0Muhammad Adnan Anwar1Kaleem Iqbal2Marcel Gurris3Department of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Bochum University of Applied Sciences, Am Hochschulcampus 1, 44801 Bochum, GermanyInstituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, PortugalInstituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, PortugalDepartment of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Bochum University of Applied Sciences, Am Hochschulcampus 1, 44801 Bochum, GermanyAtherosclerosis, marked by elevated plaque formation, occurs due to stenosis, which narrows the arterial walls and alters the natural flow path. Previous research has shown that the likelihood of high-rupture stenosis can be linked to temperature distribution variations in bifurcated arteries. In this study, we employ a monolithic Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) finite element approach to model heat transfer in fluid–structure interactions within stenosed bifurcated arteries, considering the elasticity of arterial walls. We analyze unsteady, incompressible Newtonian blood flow in a two-dimensional laminar regime, focusing on key factors such as velocity, wall displacement, temperature effects, and the average Nusselt number. Our findings reveal that under pulsatile inflow conditions, minor temperature fluctuations occur under specific waveform flow boundary conditions. Additionally, greater arterial wall flexibility enhances heat transfer between the blood and vessel walls, with flow reflections further contributing to this effect. Lastly, we examine wall shear stress (WSS) at its minimum and maximum values, emphasizing the role of arterial elasticity in influencing these forces.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/10/1637bifurcationelastic wallfinite element method (FEM)fluid–structure interaction (FSI)heat transferstenosis
spellingShingle Mudassar Razzaq
Muhammad Adnan Anwar
Kaleem Iqbal
Marcel Gurris
Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer
Mathematics
bifurcation
elastic wall
finite element method (FEM)
fluid–structure interaction (FSI)
heat transfer
stenosis
title Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer
title_full Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer
title_fullStr Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer
title_full_unstemmed Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer
title_short Investigation of Fluid–Structure Interaction in Stenosed Bifurcated Arteries: Flow Dynamics and Conjugate Heat Transfer
title_sort investigation of fluid structure interaction in stenosed bifurcated arteries flow dynamics and conjugate heat transfer
topic bifurcation
elastic wall
finite element method (FEM)
fluid–structure interaction (FSI)
heat transfer
stenosis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/10/1637
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AT muhammadadnananwar investigationoffluidstructureinteractioninstenosedbifurcatedarteriesflowdynamicsandconjugateheattransfer
AT kaleemiqbal investigationoffluidstructureinteractioninstenosedbifurcatedarteriesflowdynamicsandconjugateheattransfer
AT marcelgurris investigationoffluidstructureinteractioninstenosedbifurcatedarteriesflowdynamicsandconjugateheattransfer