Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model
Background. Pathophysiological changes leading to the death of nerve cells present in the brain and spinal cord are referred to as neurodegenerative diseases. Presently, treatment of these diseases is not effective and encounters many challenges due to the cost of drug and side effects. Thus, the se...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Toxicology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815313 |
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| author | Ibrahim Hassan Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim Ferdaus Mohamat Yusuf Siti Aqlima Ahmad Syahida Ahmad |
| author_facet | Ibrahim Hassan Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim Ferdaus Mohamat Yusuf Siti Aqlima Ahmad Syahida Ahmad |
| author_sort | Ibrahim Hassan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Pathophysiological changes leading to the death of nerve cells present in the brain and spinal cord are referred to as neurodegenerative diseases. Presently, treatment of these diseases is not effective and encounters many challenges due to the cost of drug and side effects. Thus, the search for the alternative agents to replace synthetic drugs is in high demand. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the anticholinesterase properties of Ginkgo biloba seed. Methods. The seed was extracted with 80% methanol. Toxicity studies and evaluation of anticholinesterase activities were carried out in adult Javanese medaka (Oryzias javanicus). Phytochemical study to identify the bioactive lead constituents of the crude extract was also carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results. The result shows activities with high significant differences at P<0.001 between the treated and nontreated groups. A bioactive compound (vitaxin) was identified with the aid of HPLC method. Conclusion. The presence of bioactive compound vitaxin is among the major secondary metabolites that contribute to increasing activities of this plant extract. High anticholinesterase activities and low toxicity effect of this plant show its benefit to be used as natural medicine or supplements. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-00ad454979fe49f18ec799d87c4df976 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8191 1687-8205 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Toxicology |
| spelling | doaj-art-00ad454979fe49f18ec799d87c4df9762025-02-03T05:44:16ZengWileyJournal of Toxicology1687-81911687-82052020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88153138815313Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) ModelIbrahim Hassan0Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim1Ferdaus Mohamat Yusuf2Siti Aqlima Ahmad3Syahida Ahmad4Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Study, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, MalaysiaBackground. Pathophysiological changes leading to the death of nerve cells present in the brain and spinal cord are referred to as neurodegenerative diseases. Presently, treatment of these diseases is not effective and encounters many challenges due to the cost of drug and side effects. Thus, the search for the alternative agents to replace synthetic drugs is in high demand. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the anticholinesterase properties of Ginkgo biloba seed. Methods. The seed was extracted with 80% methanol. Toxicity studies and evaluation of anticholinesterase activities were carried out in adult Javanese medaka (Oryzias javanicus). Phytochemical study to identify the bioactive lead constituents of the crude extract was also carried out using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results. The result shows activities with high significant differences at P<0.001 between the treated and nontreated groups. A bioactive compound (vitaxin) was identified with the aid of HPLC method. Conclusion. The presence of bioactive compound vitaxin is among the major secondary metabolites that contribute to increasing activities of this plant extract. High anticholinesterase activities and low toxicity effect of this plant show its benefit to be used as natural medicine or supplements.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815313 |
| spellingShingle | Ibrahim Hassan Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim Ferdaus Mohamat Yusuf Siti Aqlima Ahmad Syahida Ahmad Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model Journal of Toxicology |
| title | Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model |
| title_full | Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model |
| title_fullStr | Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model |
| title_short | Biochemical Constituent of Ginkgo biloba (Seed) 80% Methanol Extract Inhibits Cholinesterase Enzymes in Javanese Medaka (Oryzias javanicus) Model |
| title_sort | biochemical constituent of ginkgo biloba seed 80 methanol extract inhibits cholinesterase enzymes in javanese medaka oryzias javanicus model |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8815313 |
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