Peter Aaby

Peter Aaby (born 6 November, 1944 in Lund, Sweden) is a Danish anthropologist but also holds a doctoral degree in medicine. In 1978, Peter Aaby established the Bandim Health Project, a Health and Demographic Surveillance System site in Guinea-Bissau in West Africa, which he has run ever since. In 2000, Peter Aaby was awarded the Novo Nordisk Prize, the most important Danish award within health research.

Aaby is credited for the discovery of non-specific effects of vaccines – i.e. effects of vaccines, which go beyond the specific protective effects against the targeted diseases. The theory of non-specific effects of vaccines was established in 1991 and later documented in several trials on measles vaccine, BCG, oral polio vaccine, DTP vaccine and smallpox vaccine. As a consequence of Aaby's work on non-specific effects of vaccines one author recommended in 2013 the WHO vaccination program in low income countries should be changed. In 2008, WHO reviewed the evidence for non-specific effects of BCG vaccine, measles vaccine and DTP vaccine, and concluded that it would "keep a watch on the evidence of nonspecific effects of vaccination". Since 2023, his work on non-specific effects has been heavily criticized for biased reporting and cherry picking of data with evidence that he and his team had also stopped the reporting of data contradicting their hypothesis. In 2025, he and his team were selected by RFK Jr. to receive funding to conduct a study in Guinea-Bissau which the scientific community deemed unethical. In January 2026, the following the scientific controversy on the study design, the funding was cancelled.

In 2020, he was elected a member of the Academia Europaea. Provided by Wikipedia